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![In the middle of the flat pastures at Torsnes was the farmyard of the estate, undivided until the middle of the 1700s](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/1/kvh_381-2_fonna_112.jpg?itok=3bxpYqSH)
Torsnes
When bishop J.Neumann was on a visitation in Hardanger in 1825 he also visited Torsnes, the seat of the Galtung family. They were then in the process of pulling down the old dwelling house on the farm. As the committed observer of ancient monuments and antiquarian buildings that he was, bishop Neumann has provided us with interesting details:
![Osa and the Osa fjord](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/1/kvh_360xxx.jpg?itok=YQCQAW0y)
Osa
At the bottom of the Osa fjord there is a cultural landscape marked by great contrasts; the wide terraces and the river delta at the fjord contrast with the steep hillsides in the background, where Norddalen leads up to the mountain. There are two farms here. Osa and Sævartveit – the farm at the river mouth and the hollow by the sea.
![Hallstatt sword](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/kvh_360-2x.jpg?itok=4HquQz9B)
![Solskinstjørni](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/ulvik_43.jpg?itok=hNZOK4_6)
Solskinstjørni
Solskinstjørni in Osa, just above Haugen farm in Norddalen, is visible only now and again, seemingly always for a period of good weather. Then it disappears abruptly, but its disappearance is not connected to weather conditions.
![Nils Hertzberg watercolour of “Spånheimsklosteret”](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/kvh_362-2.jpg?itok=tMjpbmV9)
![Fossen cliff](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/sam_11.jpg?itok=VQQxhF23)
Fossen Bratte
The steep drop by Fossen cliff has been the biggest challenge for those who wished to make a road over Kvamskogen through the years. Leave the car by the monument on the old road and take a walk down to the bend by the waterfall that Bergen-folk call "The bridal veil". Why is there a waterfall just here?
![Frøland power station and lake Frøland.](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/sam_4.jpg?itok=7O9c4Igu)
Frøland
Much rain, a steep drop and nearness to Bergen meant that the power-making potential of the Samnanger water system was exploited early. Samnanger was thus one of the first power-producing municipalities in western Norway. With its subsequent expansion and new power stations, about 400 gigawatts of electricity per hour were produced on average each year. This is enough to meet the energy needs of 25,000 households.
![Gneiss.](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/sam_25.jpg?itok=1PhE0wUc)
![Gullbotnen](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/sam_18.jpg?itok=dlJQCo79)
Gullbotnen
A barren belt where almost nothing grows, runs through the forest on the east slope of Gullbotnen. But, along the west side of the main road there is a fertile zone that flourishes with several finicky plant types. The contrasts arise from the extreme variations in the nutrient content of the bedrock.
![The combination building at Nordvik.](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/kvh_250-2.jpg?itok=CxcVlWaV)