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![Under the grass fields lie large quantities of sand and gravel.](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/mo_24.jpg?itok=e4ePAE19)
Nedre Helland- Sand Quarries
The three spades in the municipal coat of arms for Modalen are sand spades. Sand quarrying has brought income and employment. As much as 70,000-80,0000 tonnes of sand and gravel left the municipality each year since the turn of the millennium, to be used as cementing sand. Why is Modalen endowed with so much sand?
![Potholes](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/gra_31.jpg?itok=W2LZyIpN)
![Hana](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/berg_56.jpg?itok=xl5rWX0M)
![Sketch showing the process of formation of an esker.](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/skisse.jpg?itok=dTA78127)
![Moraine ridges, Fruo.](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/eid_22a.jpg?itok=V9Vy57R6)
Fruo
At Fruo, nature has built its own little "Chinese wall ". Some kilometers south of the Vøringsfossen waterfall, there are a number of moraine ridges, the longest and most notable of their kind in Hordaland.
![Skytjedalen in Eidfjord.](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/190/011.jpg?itok=YAgcsVmd)
![The Eidfjord terrace as seen from Lægreid, presumably in the early 1900s.](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/eid_36.jpg?itok=_A8sZyMW)
Hæreid- geology
The Eidfjord terrace is a gigantic ridge that reaches up more than one hundred metres from the city centre in Eidfjord. It serves as a powerful natural monument left behind by the ice when it retreated.
![The quartz quarry in the mountainside above Kvalvikane](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/ull_27.jpg?itok=zyI9-mbt)
Kvalvikane
In Ålvik quartz has long been used to produce ferro-silicon. The quartz was collected from the other side of the fjord, from the mountainside above Kvalvikane.
![Hårteigen](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/ull_26.jpg?itok=3IkRLl38)
Hårteigen
Hårteigen, «the grey signpost», as the name suggests, is a landmark for mountain hikers on the western plateau. The piece of mountain is also a monument for the mighty rock layers that once covered the entire plateau.
![From Helland toward the end of the valley with the Skrikjo waterfall.](https://www.grind.no/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/bilder/sted/232/ull_11.jpg?itok=aQL9hvnj)